Exploring strigolactones for inducing abiotic stress tolerance in plantsReview

Mohd. Kamran Khan, Anamika Pandey, Mehmet Hamurcu, Tomáš Vyhnánek, Sajad Majeed Zargar, Abdullah Kahraman, Ali Topal, Sait Gezgin

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2024, 60(2):55-69 | DOI: 10.17221/88/2023-CJGPB  

Strigolactones (SLs) are a comparatively novel class of phytohormones that are involved in the maintenance of plant architecture with key regulation of lateral branching. They are also reported to play an important role in regulating plant responses to various abiotic stresses. The potential of SLs to improve crop resilience and productivity needs to be effectively translated into agriculture. Therefore, both the endogenous biosynthesis of SLs and their exogenous application need to be thoroughly investigated to understand and exploit the mechanism underlying the alleviation of abiotic stress responses. Although several reviews have emphasised the...

Malting quality molecular markers for barley breedingOriginal Paper

Leona Leišová-Svobodová, Vratislav Psota, Marta Zavřelová, Martin Kříž, Pavel Mařík, Zdeněk Nesvadba

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2024, 60(2):70-78 | DOI: 10.17221/72/2023-CJGPB  

Barley is one of the world’s most important crops. Barley is used for both food and feed and is important for the production of malt. Malt quality is a complex function of barley genetics, environmental conditions during barley growth, and the technological aspects of the malting process. Due to the high heritability of more than half of the malting parameters, barley can be bred for malting quality. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is a good way to speed up the breeding process. In this study, nine molecular markers were used to screen 115 barley varieties and breeding lines over a four-year period. The results were compared with malting quality...

Impact of selected antimitotic substances on doubled haploid and polyploid regeneration in microspore cultures of swede (Brassica napus ssp. napobrassica (L.) Hanelt)Original Paper

Miroslav Klíma, Yamen H. Shmeit, Pavel Kopecký, Pavel Vítámvás, Klára Kosová, Ilja T. Prášil, Eloy Fernández-Cusimamani

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2024, 60(2):79-85 | DOI: 10.17221/84/2023-CJGPB  

Several antimitotic agents were tested in three embryogenic doubled haploid (DH) lines of swede (Brassica napus ssp. napobrassica). No effect on embryogenesis was observed at the given concentrations of colchicine (5 μmol/L or 50 mg/L) and treatment time of 24 hours. Flow cytometric analysis of microspore embryos revealed a significant increase in the percentage of DH compared to the control for all substances: ethalfluralin, 62.2%; trifluralin, 58.3%; colchicine, 56.1%; amiprophos-methyl, 54.4%; pronamide, 35.0%; control, 13.3%. The occurrence of pure tetraploids was low (0–5%), mixoploids – especially n+2n...

Estimation of genetic diversity of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes as a bioethanol source using SSRs markersOriginal Paper

Herniwati Herniwati, Marcia Bunga Pabendon, Karuniawan Puji Wicaksono, Budi Waluyo, Eko Widaryanto

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2024, 60(2):86-96 | DOI: 10.17221/79/2023-CJGPB  

Sweet sorghum is a cereal crop that can potentially serve as a source for bioethanol production. This study aims to analyse the genetic diversity of promising genotypes of sweet sorghum at the molecular level. The genetic material consisted of 12 sweet sorghum genotypes. The genetic diversity estimated using 59 SSRs markers showed a polymorphism value of 0.48 and the coefficient of genetic diversity was classified as moderate. The unweighted pair group method arithmetic average (UPGMA) analysis assigned the tested genotypes into three major clusters with a similarity coefficient level of 0.596. This indicates that the genetic similarity of the tested...

Transcriptome analysis of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) roots reveals overwintering changes in different varietiesOriginal Paper

Yajun Ma, Guozhu Yang, Ruijun Duan, Xiaoan Li, Siheng Zeng, Yajun Yan, Ce Zheng, Yueming Hu

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2024, 60(2):97-104 | DOI: 10.17221/92/2023-CJGPB  

Low temperatures are one of the major abiotic stresses that affect alfalfa’s development and yield. Enhancing frost resistance through resistance-related genes is one of the most effective ways to address this issue in alfalfa. Therefore, exploring cold-resistant gene resources and the cultivation of cold-resistant alfalfa cultivars is inevitable in order to achieve high yield and quality. In this study, we conducted transcriptome profiling of roots obtained from two alfalfa genotypes, i.e., Qingda No.1 for freeze tolerance and Gannong No.9 for freeze sensitivity. We observed that Qingda No.1 had more lateral roots and a more developed root system...

List of field crop varieties registered in the Czech Republic in 2023New Varieties

Tomáš Mezlík

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2024, 60(2):105-106 | DOI: 10.17221/11/2024-CJGPB